Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Portuguese term or phrase:
indústria lítica lascada e polida
English translation:
knapped and polished stone (flint) industry
Added to glossary by
Lindsay Spratt
Nov 22, 2011 18:15
12 yrs ago
1 viewer *
Portuguese term
France
Por/Sp/Cat/Fr->En, IoLDipTrans, MACantab
Native in: English
Works in: Portuguese to English, Spanish to English, English, and 2 more.
indústria lítica lascada e polida
Portuguese to English
Social Sciences
Anthropology
Sambaquis
This is about the first people to populate Espírito Santo who made the sambaquis. I am just struggling to translate this phase succiently! Thanks for your help!
"Os primeiros ocupantes da região litorânea sul do estado seriam grupos com ênfase econômica na coleta e pesca que se estabeleceram por volta de 4.000 A.P. em Anchieta. São formadores dos sambaquis, sítios arqueológicos caracterizados pelo predomínio de conchas de moluscos em relação aos demais vestígios. Ocorrem em diversos pontos do litoral capixaba, assim como às margens de alguns rios. No Espírito Santo, ocorrem nas margens de rios e por toda costa litorânea, apresentando ***indústria lítica lascada (facas e raspadores) e polida*** (machados). Também são encontrados artefatos ósseos, como pontas de flecha e dentes perfurados".
"Os primeiros ocupantes da região litorânea sul do estado seriam grupos com ênfase econômica na coleta e pesca que se estabeleceram por volta de 4.000 A.P. em Anchieta. São formadores dos sambaquis, sítios arqueológicos caracterizados pelo predomínio de conchas de moluscos em relação aos demais vestígios. Ocorrem em diversos pontos do litoral capixaba, assim como às margens de alguns rios. No Espírito Santo, ocorrem nas margens de rios e por toda costa litorânea, apresentando ***indústria lítica lascada (facas e raspadores) e polida*** (machados). Também são encontrados artefatos ósseos, como pontas de flecha e dentes perfurados".
Proposed translations
(English)
| 5 | knapped and polished stone (flint) industry |
Nick Taylor
|
| 3 +1 | flint stone and polished stone work |
Ivan Rocha, CT
|
| 4 | lithic industry (cut flint and polished stone) |
Muriel Vasconcellos
|
Proposed translations
2 hrs
Nick Taylor
Native in English
Works in field
Portuguese to English, English to Portug
Native in: English 
Works in: Portuguese to English, English to Portuguese
Related KudoZ points
:
8
Selected
knapped and polished stone (flint) industry
knapped and polished stone (flint) industry
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Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:44:50 GMT)
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http://www.belchalwell.org.uk/artifacts-flint.asp
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Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:51:45 GMT)
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Or more of a layman's term might be "flaked"
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Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:51:51 GMT)
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_reduction
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Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:44:50 GMT)
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http://www.belchalwell.org.uk/artifacts-flint.asp
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Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:51:45 GMT)
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Or more of a layman's term might be "flaked"
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:51:51 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithic_reduction
Peer comment(s):
| neutral |
Muriel Vasconcellos
: Your answer misses the point - anthropologists speak of the 'lithic industry'.
50 mins
|
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thanks, Nick!"
+1
2 mins
Ivan Rocha, CT
Canada
Canada
Native in Portuguese
Canada
Certified Translator, LL.B.
Native in: Portuguese
Works in: English to Portuguese, Portuguese to English, French to Portuguese, and 1 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
4
2 hrs
Muriel Vasconcellos
United States
United States
Native in English
United States
Each translation a gem!
Native in: English (Variant: US) 
Works in: Spanish to English, Portuguese to English
Related KudoZ points
:
16
lithic industry (cut flint and polished stone)
You need to capture the word 'industry', which is a key point in archeology. Note this explanation:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_industry
An archaeological industry, normally just "industry", is the name given in the study of prehistory to a consistent range of assemblages connected with a single product, such as the Langdale axe industry. Where the assemblages contain evidence of a variety of items and behaviours, the more correct term is "archaeological culture", although both terms are often used to describe the same assemblage by different sources. They may also be referred to as "lithic industries" where the products are stone tools or weapons.
54,800 hits for "lithic industry"
books.google.com/books?isbn=0195376145...Sharon R. Steadman, Gregory McMahon - 2011 - History - 1200 pages
The lithic industry is characterized by fine bullet cores and pressure-flaked ... Likewise, grinding stones, and other ground and polished stone artifacts, ...
www.corsica.net/corsica/uk/regsart/sartene/sartmuse.
Recent Neolithic (350O - 3000 B.C): Very beautiful stone working, which is cut ... Island Chalcolithic (Brass Age) (2600 - 2000 B.C): **Lithic industry** and first metallurgy. Points of arrows in flint, obsidian and above all rhyolite, polished axes. ...
en.domotica.net/Boian_cultureCached
The use of lithic technology occurred throughout this culture's existence attested ... of debitage found next to various types of **shaped flint and polished stone tools.** ... circle Timber circle Tor enclosure Technology Grooved ware **Lithic industries** ...
www.culture.gouv.fr/fr/arcnat/harsova/en/f-dobro2.htmCached
At the beginning of their evolution, lithic tools are indicated by the presence of microliths, next to which various types of **cut flint and polished stone ...**
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:49:42 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Note that I added 'cut flint and polished stone' in parentheses in order to preserve 'lithic industry', which is important and the main point.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2011-11-22 21:44:23 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Relevant examples of 'cut fllint':
www.answers.com › Library › Entertainment & ArtsCached
It has been worked since the Palaeolithic period, when man learnt how to **cut flint** and related hard stones to produce tools and weapons. ...
books.google.com/books?id=XKYVAQAAIAAJ...1899 - Language Arts & Disciplines
... for Polishing and Sharpening Needles (Palaeo lithic or Unpolished Stone A^e). b. ... **Cut Flint**. 7. Fragment of Harpoon o. One end of a Bow (?). 11. ...
www.archive.org/stream/.../maninsearchofhis032786mbp_djvu.t...
Cached
The roughly cut flint nodules of the AbbevilHan 86 41. ...... This age of chipped stone begins with the crude tools of the Lower Palaeo- lithic, continues with the ...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1906.8.4.02a00180/pdf
lithic to neolithic, origin of neolithic ...... the sea “primitive men had **cut flint** in .... lithic man at the Victoria Falls of the. Zambesi. ...
www.archive.org/stream/.../cu31924029914714_djvu.txtWe must add, however, that neither with the Palaeolithic nor with the ...... three admirably polished lance-heads, and some **finely cut flint-darts. ...**
www.archive.org/stream/.../archaeologicalj39unkngoog_djvu.t...
It is an extremely fine example of flint panel-work, or cut flint worked iuto ...... many other allusions to mega- lithic monuments occur also in Scripture, ...
The Emergence of Civilization: From Hunting and Gathering to ...
d76.nopremium.pl/?...
wadi of that name, manifests lithic parallels with Tell Mureybet on the ..... 'Mureybet adzes' **in cut flint** have disappeared, though a fragment of polished ...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeological_industry
An archaeological industry, normally just "industry", is the name given in the study of prehistory to a consistent range of assemblages connected with a single product, such as the Langdale axe industry. Where the assemblages contain evidence of a variety of items and behaviours, the more correct term is "archaeological culture", although both terms are often used to describe the same assemblage by different sources. They may also be referred to as "lithic industries" where the products are stone tools or weapons.
54,800 hits for "lithic industry"
books.google.com/books?isbn=0195376145...Sharon R. Steadman, Gregory McMahon - 2011 - History - 1200 pages
The lithic industry is characterized by fine bullet cores and pressure-flaked ... Likewise, grinding stones, and other ground and polished stone artifacts, ...
www.corsica.net/corsica/uk/regsart/sartene/sartmuse.
Recent Neolithic (350O - 3000 B.C): Very beautiful stone working, which is cut ... Island Chalcolithic (Brass Age) (2600 - 2000 B.C): **Lithic industry** and first metallurgy. Points of arrows in flint, obsidian and above all rhyolite, polished axes. ...
en.domotica.net/Boian_cultureCached
The use of lithic technology occurred throughout this culture's existence attested ... of debitage found next to various types of **shaped flint and polished stone tools.** ... circle Timber circle Tor enclosure Technology Grooved ware **Lithic industries** ...
www.culture.gouv.fr/fr/arcnat/harsova/en/f-dobro2.htmCached
At the beginning of their evolution, lithic tools are indicated by the presence of microliths, next to which various types of **cut flint and polished stone ...**
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 hrs (2011-11-22 20:49:42 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Note that I added 'cut flint and polished stone' in parentheses in order to preserve 'lithic industry', which is important and the main point.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2011-11-22 21:44:23 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Relevant examples of 'cut fllint':
www.answers.com › Library › Entertainment & ArtsCached
It has been worked since the Palaeolithic period, when man learnt how to **cut flint** and related hard stones to produce tools and weapons. ...
books.google.com/books?id=XKYVAQAAIAAJ...1899 - Language Arts & Disciplines
... for Polishing and Sharpening Needles (Palaeo lithic or Unpolished Stone A^e). b. ... **Cut Flint**. 7. Fragment of Harpoon o. One end of a Bow (?). 11. ...
www.archive.org/stream/.../maninsearchofhis032786mbp_djvu.t...
Cached
The roughly cut flint nodules of the AbbevilHan 86 41. ...... This age of chipped stone begins with the crude tools of the Lower Palaeo- lithic, continues with the ...
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1906.8.4.02a00180/pdf
lithic to neolithic, origin of neolithic ...... the sea “primitive men had **cut flint** in .... lithic man at the Victoria Falls of the. Zambesi. ...
www.archive.org/stream/.../cu31924029914714_djvu.txtWe must add, however, that neither with the Palaeolithic nor with the ...... three admirably polished lance-heads, and some **finely cut flint-darts. ...**
www.archive.org/stream/.../archaeologicalj39unkngoog_djvu.t...
It is an extremely fine example of flint panel-work, or cut flint worked iuto ...... many other allusions to mega- lithic monuments occur also in Scripture, ...
The Emergence of Civilization: From Hunting and Gathering to ...
d76.nopremium.pl/?...
wadi of that name, manifests lithic parallels with Tell Mureybet on the ..... 'Mureybet adzes' **in cut flint** have disappeared, though a fragment of polished ...
Peer comment(s):
| neutral |
Nick Taylor
: Flint is never "cut" it is flaked or knapped by percussion. Sorry - cant agree with you I have taught lithic technology for 10 years and cutting is a different technique entirely - even generically.
5 mins
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I was only copying what I found on the Internet. While 'knapped' is undoubtedly more precise, semantically it's a subset of cutting. I have posted a number of references to 'cut flint'.
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Discussion